September 2024

Drafting for Eligibility: Insights from the Federal Circuit’s Contour IP v. GoPro

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by Dennis Crouch

In Contour IP v. GoPro, the Federal Circuit has reversed a Judge Orrick (N.D.Cal.) summary judgment of ineligibility.  The case here should be one for patent drafters  to consider — particularly thinking about how to incorporate specific technological improvements into their patent claims and specification (while still maintaining broad claim coverage).  Of course, the patentee here has the benefit of actual hardware beyond mere processing.

Contour owns two patents related to POV video cameras. These patents claim a camera system having lenses, sensors, etc., that generates two video streams of different quality in parallel, wirelessly transmitting the lower-quality stream to a remote device for real-time viewing and control on your phone. The higher-quality stream is stored on the camera for later use.

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The Patent Eligibility Restoration Act (PERA) of 2024: From Oz to Earth

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by Dennis Crouch

As its name suggests, the Patent Eligibility Restoration Act (PERA) is designed to substantially overturn the Supreme Court’s decisions in Mayo Collaborative Services v. Prometheus Laboratories, Inc., 566 U.S. 66 (2012), and Alice Corp. v. CLS Bank International, 573 U.S. 208 (2014). Together those cases created a firestorm of invalid patents and challenges for the patent office and patent holders alike.  The bipartisan proposal was introduced in the Senate (Coons/Tillis) earlier this term and most recently introduced to the US House of Representatives (Kiley/Peters).   Although Alice and Mayo doctrine created substantial confusion, much of that confusion has now died down in the past decade.* The bigger issue is that it is substantially harder to obtain patents and easier to invalidate issued patents — particularly in cases where the invention lies in software or diagnostic methods.  This post examines the proposed PERA and its potential impact — along with providing a bit of data.

* Although the extreme confusion is gone, there is still plenty to go around.  A case in point is the Federal Circuit’s September 3, 2024 decision in BBiTV v. Amazon. In that case, the court showed its linguistic flexibility in distinguishing the claimed user interface (deemed ineligible) from those in Core Wireless and Data Engine (deemed eligible).

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Thorn in USPTO’s Side: Judge Fitzpatrick’s Whistleblower Victory

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by Dennis Crouch

In a significant ruling, the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) granted corrective action to PTAB Administrative Patent Judge (APJ) Michael Fitzpatrick in his whistleblower retaliation case against the USPTO associated with his complaints about PTAB panel expansion (i.e., ‘panel stacking’).  The decision issued back in 2023, but has only just now been published following a settlement between Fitzpatrick and the USPTO.  This post will delve into the details of Fitzpatrick’s claims, the MSPB’s reasoning, and the implications of this decision for patent practitioners and the USPTO.  (more…)

Hindsight 20/20: Federal Circuit Okays Retroactive Expertise

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by Dennis Crouch

In patent litigation, we continue to see enhanced focus on qualifying (i.e., disqualifying) expert witnesses. Skilled expert testimony can be so convincing for a jury while also laying the foundation to win on appeal.  And, expert testimony is a legal necessity in most patent cases both for damages calculations (damages expert) as well as for validity and infringement (technical expert).  Having your expert knocked-out just before or in the midst of trial is a nightmare situation.

In its 2022 Kyocera decision, the Federal Circuit explained that a technical expert must – at minimum – be a person of skill in the art to which the invention pertains.  Someone who purports to be an expert but lacks that ‘ordinary’ knowledge will be disqualified under patent law’s Daubert nuance.  In patent law, PHOSITA’s knowledge is temporally tied to the patent application filing date (or invention date pre-AIA).  What we’re typically looking for is the level of skill at the time that the application was filed (or perhaps when issued / amended).

This temporal frame is the focus of the Federal Circuit’s recent decision in Osseo Imaging v. Planmeca, where the court was asked to disqualify the patentee’s expert witness because he was not skilled in the art back when the invention was made — rather, became skilled almost a decade later.

The case has some parallels to EcoFactor v. Google, that is currently pending before the Federal Circuit on an en banc petition regarding admissibility of damages expert testimony.

Defense Side Amici Support for Tighter Reins on Damages Expert Testimony

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From Knobs to Pixels: UI Patent Eligibility on Trial

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by Dennis Crouch

For over 150 years, “user interfaces” have been a staple of patent protection, evolving from the physical realm of tool handles and knobs to today’s digital screens. Although tangible interface elements continue be patented as components of larger systems, the market shift towards on-screen interfaces has been paralleled with the anti-eligibility shift in Mayo and Alice. The Federal Circuit recently waded into these murky waters in Broadband iTV, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc., No. 23-1107 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 3, 2024), examining the patent eligibility of electronic programming guides and content recommendation systems. Affirming a decision by Judge Albright, the appellate panel held that the claimed inventions lacked eligibility under 35 U.S.C. § 101, distinguishing some prior GUI cases that sided with the patentee.

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Did Jarkesy Undermine Oil States? ParkerVision Thinks So

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by Dennis Crouch

In 2018, the Supreme Court’s 7-2 decision in Oil States Energy Services, LLC v. Greene’s Energy Group, LLC, 584 U.S. 325 (2018) affirmed the constitutionality of inter partes review (IPR) proceedings. The Court held that patents are “public rights” and thus may be canceled through congressionally authorized administrative proceedings without violating Article III or the Seventh Amendment right to a jury trial. This decision was a significant win for proponents of the America Invents Act (AIA) and those seeking to use the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) as an efficient mechanism to cancel issued patents.

Fast forward to 2024, and a number of us were watching the non-patent case of SEC v. Jarkesy, 144 S. Ct. 2117 (2024), wondering if it might destabilize Oil States. Jarkesy indeed narrowed the scope of what qualifies as a “public right,” potentially reopening the debate on the constitutionality of IPRs. (more…)

Tapping our Full Potential: Nominations for US Council on Inclusive Innovation

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by Dennis Crouch

A cornerstone of Dir. Kathi Vidal’s tenure as USPTO Director has been a continued focus on inclusivity and diversity in the innovation ecosphere.  In 2024, the USPTO launched a significant initiative to address major disparities in patent participation among underrepresented groups — with strong support from the Council for Inclusive Innovation (CI2).  CI2 is now seeking nominations for new council members. In addition to highlighting the nomination process, this post provides some critiques on the initiative’s approach to fostering a more diverse and dynamic innovation landscape in the United States. (more…)